In Case You Missed It:
History of The Rapture
Belief in the rapture may seem like an innocuous eschatological world view to some, to others the consequences are readily apparent in "Christian" nations' foreign policy doctrines and attitudes towards Israel and the Middle East. In the first decade of the 21st century, many accused then-president George W. Bush of
trying to spur on the coming of the rapture by changing U.S. policy regarding Israel and Gaza. Environmentalists accuse rapture-believing Christians of supporting policies that do not protect the environment based on a "we-are-close-to-the-end-so-it-doesn't-matter-anyway" belief. Both of these issues are of concern, but perhaps of even more concern is how it shapes the practices of the Church, and what mission Christians have in the world.
Wars and Rumors of War, Famines and Earthquakes (Matthew 24)
In the last few weeks the world has seen increasing tensions with North Korea, an increasingly violent, Syrian civil war, a terrorist attack in Boston and earthquakes around the world. Proponents of the rapture look at the news services and confirm their suspicion that these are indeed the "birth pangs" of the end times. Now, unlike any time before, we have instant access to information. Alarmists, conspiracy theorists and doomsday preachers have a potentially global audience through social media and the internet.
What is perhaps worse, is that some seem to encourage these military conflicts as
necessary events before Jesus returns. This especially includes the rebuilding of the Temple on Mt. Moriah in Israel - a site that currently is home to two mosques. The return of this site to Israeli control would certainly either require military fighting, or a treaty that would lead to fighting.
This isn't a new phenomenon though, just a continuation of how misguided thoughts about the end of the world lead to violence. In
The Rapture Trap, Paul Thigpen says, "Irresponsible rhetoric about an impending end of the world could and did provoke tragic results," (156).
He goes on to describe various Christian leaders and sects who used end times concerns to rally people to their causes - almost always ending in violence and death. We are not without modern examples of sectarian views regarding the end times resulting in death. It was only 20 years ago that the federal government of the United States led a siege against a fringe sect of Seventh Day Adventists that ended in the deaths of 86 people. Many who have written on the subject have pointed at the Branch Davidians belief in a fiery apocalypse as one of the contributing factors to their violent resistance and eventual deaths.
It seems reasonable to look at the correlation between distrust of governments and world institutions with apocalyptic worldviews. It is quite likely that "rugged individualism," so deeply entrenched in the Protestant ethic and American mindset, increases the tendency for this distrust. It can initiate a self-feeding where the distrust builds up apocalyptic mindsets, leading to more distrust, etc..
Apocalyptic worldviews leading to violence are not unique to Christianity, though. It has been suggested that the rise in jihadism and terrorist activities around the world by Islamic extremists is due to the belief in an Islamic prophecy regarding an imam returning. It is interesting to me that Americans, in their Islamophobia, are so quick to point to this as a source of violence, without acknowledging their own contributions to the violence by their own views.
It is not only fringe sects whose beliefs are dangerous. "Of course, end times speculation does not always lead to the violence of
Thomas Muentzer or a
Jan Bockelson. Nor would we suggest that contemporary believers in the rapture are likely to raise a revolutionary army. The point to be made is that even it its milder forms, eccentric apocalyptic doctrine can lead to harmful delusions," writes Thigpen (160).
The Focus of the Church
Thigpen's point is that even without violence, these worldviews lead to a faulty view of the Church. "Dispensationalists see the Church more as a collection of individuals with a correct belief, a voluntary association of those who are already 'saved,' each waiting his turn to escape a corrupt world and enter the safety of heaven," (163). In the following pages Thigpen goes on to explain that this view, "Devalu[es ...] the Church's purpose in the world," and that it, "warns Christians not to dirty their hands with attempts to improve the conditions of the world," (165-166).
Often times this is true. There seems to be an arrest in the development into a mature faith in Christians who focus on the rapture. Conversion and evangelism becomes the sole focus instead of deepening one's personal faith - moving from the milk to the meat. This conversion experience is preached as becoming a "new creation," certainly words from the Bible, but neglects the effort required to have a fuller expression of faith - what Paul calls continuing to work out our faith with fear and trembling (Philippians 2:12). The continuing work of personal faith ought to be the apex of the Church's mission. Thigpen calls it a "repeated, lifelong giving of the self to God," (167).
That is not to say that evangelism deserves to be demoted, but must be combined with this continuing pursuit of faith and it must work hand-in-hand with Jesus' words about dealing with the "least." It has gotten better in recent years in regards to social issues, various ideas from the emergent, emerging, post-evangelical (etc..) Church have had increased the importance of the missions of social justice, eliminating poverty, slavery and other worthwhile pursuits. Too often, though, this third aspect of developing faith is given lip-service or dressed up in pseudo-psychology and self-help.
So then, while some actively work in pushing the world towards Armageddon, others let this ideology passively affect how they operate as Christians in the world. Altar calls and the sinners' prayer have replaced orphanages and soup kitchens. Conversion has replaced Catechism as the mode for developing faith.
Final Thoughts
Using Thigpen and a reference to the Catechism is not an implicit endorsement of all things Catholic. No institution or individual is without failures and shortcomings. Instead, it is to highlight that on this particular issue, the rapture, Evangelical thinking has perhaps gotten it wrong - and in doing so have undermined the true mission of the Church which is spreading the Good News of Jesus to all people and further developing personal faith into a more meaningful relationship with God. Further, this developed faith leads to a desire to be an agent of change in a way consistent with Jesus' message - changing how we treat the those with the least.
Tomorrow I will write about how belief in the rapture has
affected me personally.
Go
here for a rundown of the posts from "Rapture! Week"
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